托福听力加试题目：浪漫主义诗歌

　　浪漫主义诗歌

　　literature 主要讲了18-19 世纪英国浪漫主义(Romanticism)诗歌的代表人Wardsworth的诗。他是浪漫主义的鼻祖，但浪漫主义这个称谓是后人加上的，不是他们本身这样称呼自己的(此处出题)。Romanticism不是我们平时理解的romance，和男女之间的爱情无关。Romanticism针对的是commonpeople而不是少数educated people，用的是simple language，描述的是日常生活中常见的事物，孩子，人类情感，以及自然和人类之间的互动。教授以自己为例，说自己在散步时感受到了这种互动(此处出题)与romanticism针锋相对的一种风格是neoclassicism新古典主义，也是那位romanticism的鼻祖很反对的。neoclassicism使用太多的elaboration，如sky不叫sky，而叫blue什么的;bird不叫bird，而叫feathered person。教授把该诗人的作品分为三个阶段。早期的浪漫主义作品，主要描述植物的(花与草)诗歌。

　　中期时是对一些社会现象的评论。后期时对早期的作品进行修改。目前文学界还是认为它早期的作品是最好的。(教授还说，他的诗越写到后来越糟糕，反而早期的比较好，本文重点讲了他第一阶段的诗)。

　　wordsworth, as we have said, is the chiefrepresentative典型的 of some of the most important principles原则 in the romantic movement, but he is far more a memberof any movement, through his supreme poetic expression of some of the greatestspiritual ideals he belongs among the five or six greatest English poets.

　　first, he isthe profoundest interpreter of nature in all poetry. his feeling for nature hastwo aspects. he is keenly sensitive, and in a more delicately discriminatingway than any of his predecessors, to all the external beauty and glory ofnature, especially inanimate nature of mountains, woods and fields, streams andflowers, in all their infinitely varied aspects. a wonderful joyous andintimate sympathy with them is one of his controlling impulses.

　　In the second place, wordswoth is the most consistentof all the great English poets of democracy, though here as elsewhere hisinterest is mainly not in the external but in the spiritual aspect of things.

　　the obstinacy andthese poems are only the most conspicuous result of w's chief temperamentaldefect, which was an almost total lack of the sense of humor. regarding himselfas the prophet of a supremely important new gospel, he never admitted thepossibility of error in his own point of view and was never able to stand asidefrom his poetry and criticize it dispassionately.

　　托福听力加试题的位置不固定，考生很难分辨哪一道是加试题，只能通过日常积累来判断。大家尽量不要凭空揣测，以免影响自己的托福成绩。