托福英语听力技巧指南之三

外语培训 2019-12-13 09:46www.facebook-novi.com外语学习

  为了让你对 托福 听力技巧有一个生动的形象化的认识,以下我们通过场景方法向你展示一个奇妙的答题方法。

  场景法指的是考生通过对话揭示的场景关键词,判断磁带上的对话或演讲发生的实际生活场景,再根据这一生活场景答题。场景法可行的原因在于托福的目的。我们前面已经说过,托福测试的是外国在美国学习和生活要用到的基本语言能力,所以托福听力在内容上永远离不了学习和生活这一主题。生活的圈子不大,典型的仍然像中国的5点式,即宿舍-教室-食堂-图书馆-购物。而托福听力已经考了几十年了,里的几乎每一个角落上都被考过了。只要考生能熟悉里的各个场所经常发生的生活场景,仅凭几个词就可以知道整个对话或演讲的大体内容,从而得出(甚至猜出)正确答案。

  在场景法的后面,我们将归纳美国大学生活的各个场合及其典型的对话内容。在这里,我们的先介绍一下如何利用场景法。

  为什么要用场景法?

  很多做过托福听力题的考生都有这种感受:即有些对话里的词全都听懂而且明白单词的意思,就是选不出答案。更离谱的是,即使让你看文字答案答题,你也未必会有很高的正确率。为什么会出现这种情况呢?原因在于场景,即英语里常说的situation。我们平时碰到有人试图安慰心情不好的自己时,经常会说“你不是我,你不会明白的”,就是这个道理。在托福的听力中,“清”的肯定不是“旁观者”,而只有“当局者”才会最清楚对话到底说的是什么。而要成为“当局者”,你必须熟悉托福听力的大学生活背景。下面的例子列举了熟悉场景的重要性:

  He got in and pushed the button for the forth floor.Question: What did he do?

  (A) He took the elevator.

  (B) He sewed the buttons on.

  (C) He dropped something on the floor.

  (D) He made him go upstairs.

  这个单句题(现在的听力部分没有这种单句题),如果你不熟悉电梯的话,你会一头雾水,根本不知其所云何事。但是,如果你一听到就想到了电梯的话,那么这根本不是问题。

  所以,托福的听力中的有些题目仅凭听清楚每个单词的字面意思是不够的(很多时候甚至是不必要的),你还必须生动地想象出对话所发生的具体生活场景。

  场景法的魅力

  例如学生入学时登记注册的场景。如果你平时记住了关于register的 词汇 ,如registration,course enrollment form,signed by academic advisor,get the department’s approval,tables set up aIl the way around,stamp your form,approved,pay for

  tuition,officially enrolled,pick up identification card。

  那么,即使你听力能力较差,对话的具体细节没能听懂,你也能答对题。如果你不相信的话,请试着仅根据注册这一大学里发生的场景,而不根据对话的内容,做下面两道题。

  1.When would this talk be given?

  (A) At the beginning of a semester.

  (B) During the mid-semester vacation.

  (C) At final examination time.

  (D) Just before a gymnastics event.Q

  2.swheresare the students going tomorrow?

  (A) To registration office.

  (B) To a class reunion.

  (C) To their classes.

  (D) To a track meet.

  第1题:该对话肯定发生在学期初。答案确实唾手可得。

  第2题:既然是讲注册,那肯定是去registration office。

  此外了解对话内容及相关词句和美国的大学生活对听力也有帮助。

  (1)对话内容及相关词句

  以下是我们总结的针对对话内容的词句,记住这些词句有助于你对对话内容和场景的判断,从而正确地答案。即使你没有完全听懂对话,你也可能根据判断得出的对话场景正确地答题。

  1、东西丢了:lost the key,can’t found the note

  2、剃头:hardly bald, hairstyle change for not covering the eyes, cut curl hair

  3、搭车:pick up the third one at the airline, give me a ride to the office

  4、穿衣:a jean and T-shirt for interview is casual, clothes is wet before the concert

  5、花需要光:put the flower to the window, the bookcase will prevent the sunlight,

  need the fresh

  6、忘了:slip my mind, forgot to give the note to someone

  7、图书馆:spend the whole day in the library, make the photocopy at library, meet at

  the library, return the booksto the library, library is a better place to study

  8、室友:looking for a roommate, roommate should apologize, roommate is too noisy   

  9、吃的:fish can’t be eat, berry is a bush even for a bird, bread is over toasted,

  vegetables are over cooked, bread may be in the refrigerator,

  10、借东西:lend me calculus book(calculator), borrow the money from check,

  borrow car for shopping

  11、天气:clean up for picnic, cold enough for skating, snowing too much to fly,

  so hot that we need an air conditioner

  12、作业能否完成:wait till the last minute, chemistry test without time for reading, f

  ill out the financial aid form without thepriority, paper extended to the next week

  13、第三者:have done it for me

  14、排队:magazine to kill the time, read the magazine twice, go early for not queue

  15、得病看:need another doctor, it is open till 10 at the health center, takethe

  pill the doctor assigned

  16、没空帮忙:can’t give you a ride due to the meeting tomorrow morning,

  17、锻炼减肥:lost weight, two blue clothes but one with the large size

  18、电影或音乐会:see the concert twice make sense again, sell ticket to you so that

  you come with me, lectured by some professor is worth watching

  19、还书:return so as not to pay fine, help me return the books

  20、重新考虑以前的决定:reconsider your decision,

  21、转让:movie ticket

  22、加入社团:garden club, find another committee member to replace,

  23、认不出来:beard, bother is different,

  24、住房:find an apartment under 500 dollars, find a larger apartment, live nearer

  to the campus

  25、放松:join a entertainment club for leisure, spend more time outdoors

  26、约会:(appointment), reschedule one of the appointment

  27、关门了(过期了):museum closed, cafeteria closed

  28、照相:film run out, film not processed, film not good

  29、同去:come go with me

  30、太吵:too noisy, can’t concentrate

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